📍 What is Satellite Internet?
What is Satellite Internet – Photo : https://pixabay.com/
📍 What is Satellite Internet?
✅ A wireless broadband service that provides internet via satellites orbiting Earth, bypassing cables/fiber.
✅ Uses LEO constellations (e.g., Starlink, OneWeb) to deliver connectivity in remote & rural areas.
✅ Indian players like Jio & Airtel are also entering the sector.
📍 How It Works?
1️⃣ Terminal Alignment → User antenna points to satellite.
2️⃣ Data Uplink → Request sent to satellite.
3️⃣ Signal Relay → Satellite forwards data to another satellite/gateway.
4️⃣ Gateway Link → Connects satellite network to land internet cables.
5️⃣ Server Request → Request reaches destination server.
6️⃣ Return Path → Response travels back via cables → gateway.
7️⃣ Space Uplink → Gateway beams response to satellite.
8️⃣ User Delivery → Satellite sends data to ground terminal.
📍 Key Advantages
✅ Remote Coverage → Polar stations, deep sea, expeditions.
✅ Disaster Continuity → Works when ground networks fail.
✅ Security Autonomy → Less reliance on foreign infra.
✅ Rapid Scaling → Quick deployment via satellite launches.
✅ Direct Device Access → Smartphones may connect without terminals.
📍 Barriers
✅ Latency Issues (esp. GEO/MEO).
✅ Limited Capacity → Bandwidth restricts heavy streaming.
✅ Weather Disruption → Rain/snow weakens signals.
✅ High Cost → Expensive equipment & subscriptions.
✅ Signal Blockage → Buildings/terrain obstruct signals.
✅ Debris Risk → Large constellations add space junk.
📍 India’s Policy Landscape
✅ DoT licensing ensures compliance & lawful interception.
✅ WPC spectrum registration with ITU.
✅ NavIC Mandate (2029) → All networks must integrate NavIC.
✅ BharatNet Phase-III → Gateway-linked rural connectivity.
✅ Private Investment via IN-SPACe encouraged in satellite broadband.
✅ Mains Question:
“Examine the role of Satellite Internet in bridging India’s digital divide. Discuss its advantages, challenges, and policy framework.” (250 words)
#DigitalIndia #SatelliteInternet
Source: PIB
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